oracle 11g手动创建数据库

2025-06-18 01:59:22

说明，首先要先在Oracle官网下载好，Oracle11g的安装包，在安装时，由于是自己试验部舛匀砖察属，所以最好选安装，个人版，不过企业版，标准版也可以，安上后选择单实例就好，并且切记是只安装软件，不能选择配置数据库，我们这里要讲的是手动安装的方法。完上上面工作之后，下面开始

1 准备参数文件initMYDB.ora 路径E:\app\wangxiaobo\admin\mydb\pfile\initMYDB.ora

内容如下：

##############################################################################

###########################################

# Shared Server

###########################################

dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP)(SERVICE=ORCLXDB)"

###########################################

# Miscellaneous

###########################################

compatible=11.2.0.0.0

diagnostic_dest=E:\app\wangxiaobo

memory_target=1288699904

###########################################

# Security and Auditing

###########################################

audit_file_dest=E:\app\wangxiaobo\admin\mydb\adump

audit_trail=db

remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE

###########################################

# Database Identification

###########################################

db_domain=""

db_name='mydb'

###########################################

# File Configuration

###########################################

control_files=("E:\app\wangxiaobo\oradata\mydb\control01.ctl","E:\app\wangxiaobo\flash_recovery_area\mydb\control02.ctl")

db_recovery_file_dest=E:\app\wangxiaobo\flash_recovery_area

db_recovery_file_dest_size=4039114752

###########################################

# Cursors and Library Cache

###########################################

open_cursors=300

###########################################

# System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments

###########################################

undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1

###########################################

# Processes and Sessions

###########################################

processes=150

###########################################

# Cache and I/O

###########################################

db_block_size=8192

2 准备建库教本createdb.sql 路径（可以任意放的只要是绝对路径）：C盘下

内容如下：

Create database "mydb"

maxinstances 4

maxloghistory 1

maxlogfiles 16

maxlogmembers 3

maxdatafiles 10

logfile group 1'E:\app\wangxiaobo\oradata\mydb\redo01.log' size 10M,group 2'E:\app\wangxiaobo\oradata\mydb\redo02.log' size 10M

datafile 'E:\app\wangxiaobo\oradata\mydb\system01.dbf'size 50M

autoextend on next 10M extent management local

sysaux datafile'E:\app\wangxiaobo\oradata\mydb\sysaux01.dbf' size 50M

autoextend on next 10M

default temporary tablespace temp

tempfile 'E:\app\wangxiaobo\oradata\mydb\temp.dbf' size 10M autoextendon next 10M

undo tablespace UNDOTBS1 datafile'E:\app\wangxiaobo\oradata\mydb\undotbs1.dbf' size 20M

character set ZHS16GBK

national character set AL16UTF16

user sys identified by sys

user system identified by system ;

3 创建必要的目录用批处理文档

mkdir E:\app\hemingway\admin\mydb\adump

mkdir E:\app\hemingway\admin\mydb\bdump

mkdir E:\app\hemingway\admin\mydb\cdump

mkdir E:\app\hemingway\admin\mydb\dpdump

mkdir E:\app\hemingway\admin\mydb\udump

mkdir E:\app\hemingway\admin\mydb\pfile

mkdir E:\app\hemingway\oradata\mydb

mkdir E:\app\hemingway\flash_recovery_area\mydb

4 设置环境变量

set ORACLE_SID=mydb

5 创建密码文件

orapwdfile=E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\PWDMYDB.orapassword=rootroot force=y

6 创建服务

oradim -NEW -SID mydb -intpwd rootroot -STARTMODE auto-SRVCSTART system -PFILEE:\app\wangxiaobo\admin\mydb\pfile\initMYDB.ora

实例已创建。

7 以nomount方式启动数据库

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>sqlplus/nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 2月 28 20:15:15 2014

SQL>

修改E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\listener.ora添加为：

# This is a sample listener.ora that contains the NET8parameters that are

# needed to connect to an HS Agent

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME= CLRExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME= E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)

(PROGRAM =extproc)

(ENVS ="EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")

)

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME= mydb)

(ORACLE_HOME= E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION=

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = E:\app\wangxiaobo

#CONNECT_TIMEOUT_LISTENER = 0

另外还要修改

E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora为

# This is a sample tnsnames.ora that contains the NET8parameters that are

# needed to connect to an HS Agent

dg4odbc =

(DESCRIPTION=

(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))

(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=dg4odbc))

(HS=OK)

)

LISTENER_ORCL =

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST=

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID =CLRExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER =DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

MYDB =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER =DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = mydb)

)

LISTENER_ORCL =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

LISTENER_MYDB =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

SQL> conn SYS/rootroot as sysdba

已连接到空闲例程。

shutdownabort; 关闭其他例程

要在E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora中添加

LISTENER_ORCL =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

LISTENER_MYDB =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

才可以正常的启动例程

SQL> startuppfile='E:\app\wangxiaobo\admin\mydb\pfile\initMYDB.ora' nomount

ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 732874456 bytes

Fixed Size 1344808 bytes

Variable Size 234483372 bytes

Database Buffers 54230912 bytes

Redo Buffers 5256264 bytes

SQL>

8 调用建库脚本创建数据库

SQL> @C:\createdb.sql

数据库已创建。

SQL>

SQL>@E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\rdbms\admin\catalog.sql;

SQL> ................

SQL>

SQL>@E:\app\wangxiaobo\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\rdbms\admin\catproc.sql;

SQL> Rem Indicate CATPROC load complete and checkvalidity

SQL> BEGIN

2dbms_registry.update_schema_list('CATPROC',

3 dbms_registry.schema_list_t('SYSTEM','OUTLN', 'DBSNMP', 'DIP',

4'ORACLE_OCM', 'APPQOSSYS'));

5 dbms_registry.loaded('CATPROC');

6 dbms_registry_sys.validate_catproc;

7 dbms_registry_sys.validate_catalog;

8 END;

9 /

PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。

SQL>

SQL> SELECT dbms_registry_sys.time_stamp('CATPROC')AS timestamp FROM DUAL;

TIMESTAMP

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COMP_TIMESTAMP CATPROC 2014-02-28 19:50:28

已选择 1 行。

SQL>

SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF

SQL>

10 创建tns

通过oracle net configuration assistant来创建监听器。

11 创建spfile

SQL> create spfile frompfile='E:\app\wangxiaobo\admin\mydb\pfile\initMYDB.ora';

文件已创建。

SQL> shutdown

数据库已经关闭。

已经卸载数据库。

ORACLE 例程已经关闭。

SQL> connSYS/rootroot as sysdba

已连接到空闲例程。

SQL> startup

ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 778387456 bytes

Fixed Size 1374808 bytes

Variable Size 234882472 bytes

Database Buffers 536870912 bytes

Redo Buffers 5259264 bytes

数据库装载完毕。

数据库已经打开。

12 用命令show parameter db_name查看数据库名

SQL> show parameter db_name

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ -----------------------------------------

db_name stringmydb

SQL>

注：rdbms文件里的内容来E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\RDBMS\ADMIN的复制。别的相应文件有的也是来自复制sample示例，后经过修改

SQL> create table st(sno int,m char);

表已创建。

SQL> desc st;

名称是否为空? 类型

------------------------------------------------- ----------------------

SNONUMBER(38)

MCHAR(1)

SQL>

这样一个名字叫mydb的数据库就创建完成了，也祝愿大家可以顺利完成。

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