ASM 数据文件迁移(非存放OCR和VOTE)
1、1：添加新的FAILGROUP
SQL> select name,path,mount_status,failgroup from v$asm_disk order by name;
NAME PATH MOUNT_STAT FAILGROUP
-------------------- ------------------------------ ---------- ------------------
DATADG_0002 /dev/mapper/dataB01 CACHED DATAFIAL04
DATADG_0005 /dev/mapper/dataB03 CACHED DATAFIAL04
GRIDMIRDG_0000 /dev/mapper/crsB11 CACHED GMIRFAIL01
GRIDMIRDG_0001 /dev/mapper/crsB12 CACHED GMIRFIAL02
GRIDNEWDG_0000 /dev/mapper/crsB13 CACHED GNEWFIAL04
GRIDNEWDG_0001 /dev/mapper/crsC01 CACHED GNEWFIAL05
_DROPPED_0003_DATADG MISSING DATAFIAL07
_DROPPED_0004_DATADG MISSING DATAFIAL07
目前DATADG存放数据文件（冗余策略--标准冗余策略），且DATADG有两个FAILGROUP：DATAFIAL07和DATAFIAL04。从上面可以发现DATAFIAL07中的磁盘都已经失效了。由于DATADG采用标准模式，一个FAILGROUP失效不会影响到数据库。所以现在需要立马添加一组FAILGROUP来恢复DATADG冗余策略，防止DATAFIAL04失效导致数据库宕机。
现在我们来添加磁盘：
alter diskgroup datadg add failgroup DATAFIAL08 disk '/dev/mapper/dataB02';
alter diskgroup datadg add failgroup DATAFIAL08 disk '/dev/mapper/dataB04';
alter diskgroup datadg add failgroup DATAFIAL09 disk '/dev/mapper/dataB05';
当然我们也可以通过添加丢失磁盘来检测磁盘是否正在丢失：
SQL> alter diskgroup datadg add failgroup DATAFIAL08 disk '/dev/mapper/dataA01';
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-27061: waiting for async I/Os failed
Linux-x86_64 Error: 5: Input/output error
Additional information: -1
注意：这里添加了两个新的FAILGROUP。因为如果想要删除旧FAILGROUP DATADG必须保留两个FAILGROUP。
2、查看rebalance
SQL> select * from V$ASM_OPERATION;
GROUP_NUMBER OPERA STAT POWER ACTUAL SOFAR EST_WORK EST_RATE EST_MINUTES ERROR_CODE
------------ ----- ---- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- --------------------------------------------
1 REBAL RUN 1 1 11033 51716 829 49
SQL> show parameter asm_power_limit
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_power_limit integer 1
从中可以看出，默认rebalance采用POWER 1，
ASM_POWER_LIMIT：指定磁盘rebalance的程度，有0-11个级别，默认值为1，指定的级别越高，则rebalance的操作就会越快被完成(当然这也意味着这个时间段内将占用更多的资源)，指定级别较低的话，虽然rebalance操作会耗时更久，但对当前系统的IO及负载影响会更少如果想加快再平衡速度。可以更改dg power:
SQL> alter diskgroup datadg rebalance power 5;
手动平衡磁盘组可能涉及大量的工作，该操作可能费时较久，一定要注意该操作对IO性能的影响。另外再次强调，上述语句将很快返回diskgroup altered的提示，但这并不表示操作真正完成，它只是反馈语句提交而已，查看磁盘后台的操作，可以通过v$asm_operator视图，或者在语句执行时增加wait子句，这样ASM将会等到操作真正完成时，才返回提示信息。
当然可以可通过更改ASM默认
SQL> alter system set asm_power_limit=5 sid='*';
只需要在一个节点执行即可
3、3：删除旧FAILGROUP
SQL> select name,path,mount_status,failgroup from v$asm_disk order by name;
NAME PATH MOUNT_STAT FAILGROUP
-------------------- ------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
DATADG_0000 /dev/mapper/dataB02 CACHED DATAFIAL08
DATADG_0001 /dev/mapper/dataB04 CACHED DATAFIAL08
DATADG_0002 /dev/mapper/dataB01 CACHED DATAFIAL04
DATADG_0003 /dev/mapper/dataB05 CACHED DATAFIAL09
DATADG_0005 /dev/mapper/dataB03 CACHED DATAFIAL04
GRIDMIRDG_0000 /dev/mapper/crsB11 CACHED GMIRFAIL01
GRIDMIRDG_0001 /dev/mapper/crsB12 CACHED GMIRFIAL02
GRIDNEWDG_0000 /dev/mapper/crsB13 CACHED GNEWFIAL04
GRIDNEWDG_0001 /dev/mapper/crsC01 CACHED GNEWFIAL05
这里因为datadg是标准冗余策略，已经有三个FAILGROUP，必须留下两个FAILGROUP，可以删除旧的FAILGROUP。
删除FAILGROUP的步骤：一个个删除该FAILGROUP中磁盘即可
SQL> alter diskgroup datadg drop disk DATADG_0005；
SQL> alter diskgroup datadg drop disk DATADG_0002;
如果想回退删除操作：
SQL> alter diskgroup datadg undrop disks; 如果再平衡操作完成，那么回退操作是无效的。
1、1：创建新DG
CREATE DISKGROUP datanewdg NORMAL REDUNDANCY
FAILGROUP gnewfail01 DISK '/dev/mapper/dataB14'
FAILGROUP gnewfial04 DISK '/dev/mapper/dataB15'
ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '11.2.0.0.0';
2、2：进入asmcmd创建目录
目录与datadg保持一致
ASMCMD> cd datadg
ASMCMD> ls
ORCL/
ASMCMD> cd orcl
ASMCMD> pwd
+datadg/orcl
ASMCMD> ls
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
PARAMETERFILE/
TEMPFILE/
spfileorcl.ora
ASMCMD> ? 相关命令
commands:
--------
md_backup, md_restore
lsattr, setattr
cd, cp, du, find, help, ls, lsct, lsdg, lsof, mkalias
mkdir, pwd, rm, rmalias
chdg, chkdg, dropdg, iostat, lsdsk, lsod, mkdg, mount
offline, online, rebal, remap, umount
dsget, dsset, lsop, shutdown, spbackup, spcopy, spget
spmove, spset, startup
chtmpl, lstmpl, mktmpl, rmtmpl
chgrp, chmod, chown, groups, grpmod, lsgrp, lspwusr, lsusr
mkgrp, mkusr, orapwusr, passwd, rmgrp, rmusr
volcreate, voldelete, voldisable, volenable, volinfo
volresize, volset, volstat
3、3：迁移oracle数据库
具体参考我的经验：Oracle 数据库迁移
http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/1974b2899ae7bef4b0f77465.html
只不过将每个节点的initorcl1.ora或者initorcl2.ora文件内容修改成
[oracle@node1 dbs]$ cat initorcl1.ora
SPFILE='+datanewdg/orcl/spfileorcl.ora'
同时在停止数据库后，使用ASMCMD中的cp命令复制所有文件到datanewdg:
以下
ASMCMD> cp spfileorcl.ora +datanewdg/orcl
copying +datadg/orcl/spfileorcl.ora -> +GRIDMIRDG/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ASMCMD>