英语学科知识之阅读理解技巧

1、概念

文中的细节主要体现在作者为了说明某问题或阐明某观点而通过具体的事实细节来支撑。这些细节可以包括具体的数字、定义、事实等内容组成。

2、常见的出题模式

细节题常见的问法有以下几种：

According to the passage/ the author, who (what, when, where, how, why, etc)……?

All of the following are correct (mentioned) except__.

What does Tom say about Michael’s company?

What type of service does the company/ government offer?

3、解题技巧

英语阅读理解细节题的解题技巧主要运用以下几种方法：

1)找定位词，在原文中找到相关信息，带回原文进行验证。常见的定位词：时间、地点、人名、专有名词、特有信息等。需要注意的是有时候选项中有好几项出现在原文中，这时要结合题干来筛选;有时候正确的选项未必会在原文中直接找到，要根据作者的态度或者通过简单的判断推理才能得出正确的结论。

2)顺序定位，一般出题都会按照文章段落的顺序出现。

3)同义词替换原则。例如：wrongly believe=misconception, manager=managerial, 这样的地方恰恰是问题所在答案的地方。

4、例题示范

1. Most economists hate gold. Not, you understand that they would turn up their noses at a bar or two. But they find the reverence in which many hold the mental almost irrational. That it was used as money for millennia is irrelevant: it isn’t any more. Modern money takes the form of paper or, more often, electronic data. To economists, gold is now just another commodity.

Q. In the economists’ eyes, gold is something _____.

A. they look down upon

B. that can be exchanged in the market

C. worth people’s reverence

D. that should be replaced by other forms of money

此题选B，这题是事实细节题，原文中指出许多经济学家不喜欢黄金的原因是人们对黄金缺乏理性的崇拜，在他们看来黄金只不过是一种商品，也就是可以用来交换的东西。(此题主要运用解题技巧1)

参考译文：大多数经济学家都讨厌黄金。要知道，这可不是因为他们瞧不起一两块金条，而是因为他们发现许多人对这种金属的崇敬几乎到了毫无理性的地步。这与它被用作千禧年的货币并无关系：那已经是昨日黄花了。现代货币采用的是纸币的形式，或者，更多时候采用的是电子数据的形式。对经济学家来说，黄金只是另外一种商品。

2. No, in the consumerist age, most buyers aren’t evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product — like a car or closes or a house. And with such purchases, price is only one of many crucial factors to consider.

Q: In this consumerist age, most parents_____.

A. regard college education as a wise investment

B. place a premium on the prestige of the college

C. think it crucial to send their children to college

D. consider college education a consumer product

此题选D，原文中“evaluating”相当于D选项中的“consider”，由此可知直接可以得出答案D。(此题用到解题技巧3)

参考译文：不，在消费主义的时代，大部分买家不会把大学看做一种投资，而是一种消费品——就像汽车、衣服和住房一样。购买这些商品，价格仅是需要考虑的很多关键因素中的一个。