Linux下配置Nginx + 双Tomcat负载均衡

1、一.JDK的安装#tar zxvf jdk-8u31-linux-x64.tar#mkdir /usr/java#mv jdk-8u31-linux-x64 jdk1.8#mv jdk1.8 /usr/java设置环境变量#vi /etc/profileexport JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jarexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH保存退出:wq使环境变量生效#source /etc/profile测试JDK#java -version

2、二.TOMCAT的安装将TOMCAT安装在/usr/local/tomcat6设置环境变量拭貉强跳#vi /etc/profileexport TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat6export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat6export CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat6在CLASSPATH后面添加$TOMCAT_HOME/common/lib/servlet.jar在PATH后面添加：$CATALINA_HOME/lib保存退出:wq使环境变量生效#source /etc/profile修改TOMCAT配置文件/usr/local/tomcat6/conf/server.xml将以下内容 <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" .../>修改为 <Host name="localhost" appBase="/usr/local/www/web" .../>启动TOMCAT/usr/local/tomcat6/bin/startup.sh关闭TOMCAT/usr/local/tomcat6/bin/shutdown.sh

3、三.同一linux系蕙蝤叼翕统下安装多个TOMCAT将TOMCAT安装在/usr/local/tomcat6_2设置环境变量#vi /etc/profileexport TOMCAT_2_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat6_2export CATALINA_2_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat6_2export CATALINA_2_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat6_2在CLASSPATH后面添加$TOMCAT_2_HOME/common/lib/servlet.jar在PATH后面添加：$CATALINA_2_HOME/lib保存退出:wq使环境变量生效#source /etc/profile修改TOMCAT配置文件/usr/local/tomcat6_2/conf/server.xml将以下内容 <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">... <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" ... <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" .../>修改为 <Server port="9005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">... <Connector port="9090" protocol="HTTP/1.1" ... <Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Host name="localhost" appBase="/usr/local/www/web" .../> 修改TOMCAT配置启动文件/usr/local/tomcat6_2/bin/startup.sh在exec上添加以下内容export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/libexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/binexport CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_2_HOMEexport CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_2_BASE修改TOMCAT配置启动文件/usr/local/tomcat6_2/bin/shutdown.sh在exec上添加以下内容export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/libexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/binexport CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_2_HOMEexport CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_2_BASE启动TOMCAT/usr/local/tomcat6_2/bin/startup.sh关闭TOMCAT/usr/local/tomcat6_2/bin/shutdown.sh

4、四.NGINX的安装检查安装nginx的依赖性，nginx的模块需要第三方的支持，检查是否安装下列库：zlib zl足毂忍珩ib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel gcc添加用户和组#groupadd nginx#useradd -g nginx nginx将文件解压后安装#tar zxvf nginx-1.0.5.tar.gz#wget http://www.codesky.net/system/systemfiles/2011/08/ngx_cache_purge-1.3.tar.gz#tar zxvf ngx_cache_purge-1.3.tar.gz#cd nginx-1.0.5#./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_stub_status_module --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-1.3#make#make install修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confuser nginx nginx;worker_processes 2;error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;events{ use epoll; worker_connections 65535;}http{ include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; charset utf-8; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 300m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; client_body_buffer_size 512k; proxy_connect_timeout 5; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 5; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; #注：proxy_temp_path和proxy_cache_path指定的路径必须在同一分区 proxy_temp_path /usr/local/www/proxy_temp_dir; #设置Web缓存区名称为cache_one，内存缓存空间大小为200MB，1天没有被访问的内容自动清除，硬盘缓存空间大小为30GB。 proxy_cache_path /usr/local/www/proxy_cache_dir levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g; upstream backend_server { server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 127.0.0.1:9090 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; ip_hash; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; index index.html index.htm; root /usr/local/www/web/ROOT; location / { #如果后端的服务器返回502、504、执行超时等错误，自动将请求转发到upstream负载均衡池中的另一台服务器，实现故障转移。 proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_cache cache_one; #对不同的HTTP状态码设置不同的缓存时间 proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h; #以域名、URI、参数组合成Web缓存的Key值，Nginx根据Key值哈希，存储缓存内容到二级缓存目录内 proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; proxy_pass http://backend_server; expires 1d; } #用于清除缓存，假设一个URL为http://www.5ol.com/test.txt，通过访问http://www.5ol.com/purge/test.txt就可以清除该URL的缓存。 location ~ /purge(/.*) { #设置只允许指定的IP或IP段才可以清除URL缓存。 allow 127.0.0.1; allow 192.168.0.0/16; deny all; proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args; } #扩展名以.php、.jsp、.cgi结尾的动态应用程序不缓存。 location ~ .*.(php|jsp|cgi)?$ { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; proxy_pass http://backend_server; } access_log off; }}创建缓存文件夹#mkdir /usr/local/www/proxy_temp_dir#mkdir /usr/local/www/proxy_cache_dir

5、启动NGINX/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx关闭NGINX/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop重启NGINX/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s relo